| This article provides a realistic look into what book | | | | This would leave the publisher with a net of $6.00 |
| distributors do, how they profit, and better | | | | of the $20 retail price. |
| options for the author who is publishing a book. | | | | However, this $6.00 does not yet include the |
| Congratulations! After a long journey of book | | | | Author's Royalty, if the publisher was not himself |
| edits and re-edits, you have perfected a new | | | | the author. If we allow the Author's Royalty to be |
| book ready to print. Now, as its publisher and | | | | 10% of the wholesale price, this will be cutting |
| number one proprietor, you have two primary | | | | another piece of the pie at $0.80 per copy (Retail |
| concerns for your efforts: get the book read by | | | | price $20 - discounts $12 = $8 Wholesale price. |
| others, and see a return on your investment. | | | | 10% of $8 Wholesale = $0.80). |
| Misconceptions in publishing abound, there are | | | | Thus, the publisher's actual net ($6.00 - Author's |
| certain realities many people don't understand | | | | Royalty $0.80) = $5.20 per book. |
| about the book distribution system. | | | | If 10,000 books are sold into distribution, that |
| In a step towards clearing some of the confusion, | | | | means $52,000 goes to you, the publisher. Now |
| let's clarify the difference between a distributor | | | | you must deduct the original publishing services |
| and a wholesaler: | | | | and costs of producing the book (editing, |
| A book distributor makes its income through | | | | designing, illustrations, etc.). The cost of publishing |
| marketing and merchandising the books their | | | | services can easily be around $25,000, or even |
| publishers create, and takes an overall percentage | | | | more, but let's say that 50% ($26,000) of your |
| of the retail selling price. Distributors rarely work | | | | $52,000 went to production costs. This leaves |
| with individuals (self-publishers) because they need | | | | $26,000. |
| a steady volume of new titles regularly published | | | | In Case 1 using a major distributor, from a |
| every season to make a profit. | | | | possible $200,000 in retail sales, the self-publisher |
| A wholesaler is a large warehouse that holds and | | | | nets $26,000, or 13% of total retail value. |
| sells books when retailers or other sellers ask for | | | | Now, let's take a look at an alternative business |
| them. The will have a list of books they sell, and | | | | model for a self-publisher: |
| make their income off the difference between | | | | Case 2. Let's allow this author to be a public |
| the price they buy the book from the publisher | | | | speaker with an active mailing list of 2,000 people. |
| and the price they sell it for to the retailer. | | | | Allow 50% of his mailing list to purchase his book |
| In most cases of publishing, book wholesalers and | | | | directly from him for $20, resulting in $20,000 in |
| distributors are not the best choice for authors | | | | sales. Over the next 12 months, this author sells |
| who are personally financing their books' publishing | | | | an additional 1,000 copies at seminars and |
| services. It is not unusual for distributors and | | | | lectures, for a total net potential of $40,000 in |
| wholesalers in the United States to take 90 days | | | | sales. |
| or more to pay an author after receiving the | | | | Costs for printing books will be slightly higher in |
| books after book printing. Additionally, a | | | | Case 2 because a smaller quantity of books is |
| percentage of the author's profit will be held back | | | | being ordered. Book printing costs him $3 a copy |
| for returns. This means if your book does not sell | | | | for 2,000 copies, for a total printing cost of |
| in the stores, copies will be returned to the | | | | $6,000. The more modest costs of publishing |
| distributor and ultimately to you, the publisher, | | | | services to package his book (book editing, |
| where you must absorb that loss in profit. These | | | | designing, illustrations, etc.) amount to $8,000. |
| returned copies may be damaged after spending | | | | Total production costs (book printing costs at |
| time on the shelves of a bookstore, making them | | | | $6,000 + packaging services costs at $8,000) = |
| difficult to sell later on. It is an unfortunate reality | | | | $14,000. |
| that an author may find himself with a garage full | | | | Breakdown for 2,000 copies: |
| of damaged copies of returned books, after only | | | | Total sales $40,000 |
| being stocked on the shelves of a major book | | | | Total production costs $14,000. |
| retailer for a month or two. | | | | The author's net proceeds ($40,000 - $14,000) = |
| Alternatively, there are lucrative distribution plans | | | | $26,000, or 65% of total retail value. |
| that circumvent the major bookstores, the | | | | Compare this to the high-volume distributor |
| distributors and the wholesale warehouses, all of | | | | scenario in Case 1, where 10,000 copies were |
| which take a major cut of a book's retail price. | | | | needed to return $26,000 to the author, which |
| Such alternative methods of book distribution | | | | was only 13% of the total retail value ($200,000). |
| employ the author's strengths and preexisting | | | | In Case 2, the author distributed and sold copies |
| customer bases (such as active mailing lists, | | | | directly to an already existing market, allowing him |
| attendees to an author's lecture, etc.) to distribute | | | | to see the same $26,000 profit of a volume of |
| more directly and efficiently. A strategic | | | | only 2,000 copies, and at 65% of total retail value. |
| self-marketing plan can generate a profit equal or | | | | Further, after this publisher in Case 2 sells his first |
| greater to what a major book distributor offers | | | | 2,000 copies during his first year, he may print |
| its clients, for much less of the cost. | | | | another 1,000 book copies to sell. Because |
| To illustrate, here are two cases of different | | | | packaging costs to produce the book have |
| book distribution plans, each netting its | | | | already been paid, he would only subtract the |
| self-publisher a profit of $26,000 at the end of | | | | cost of book printing from the retail price. |
| the year: | | | | So, in the following year, he prints 1,000 copies to |
| Case 1. Let's say as the publisher of your book | | | | sell at a $20 retail price. This publisher generates |
| you send 10,000 copies of your book at a unit | | | | $20,000 in total revenue. $20,000 in sales - |
| price of $2.00 each from a book printer. You also | | | | printing cost $3,000 = a net profit of $17,000 in |
| set the book's retail price at $20 per copy. You | | | | this publisher's subsequent year (85% of the |
| have so far spent $20,000 on printing costs, and | | | | book's retail value). |
| if all books sell at retail, you have the potential for | | | | The Bottom Line: |
| $200,000 in total sales. | | | | Choose a distribution and marketing plan that |
| Now let's suppose you employ a distributor to | | | | makes the most sense for your unique book, and |
| manage your marketing and distribution. They | | | | the plan that allows for the most profits off the |
| may charge you 62-65% of the retail price of the | | | | book's retail value. Printing fewer books can |
| book in order for them to pass it through | | | | actually produce more of a profit if it is done |
| different distribution channels and still make a | | | | under a strategic business plan. In reality, major |
| profit. | | | | distributors and book stores hold little invested in |
| The book stores, depending who they are and | | | | the individual publisher's success, and will take |
| how many they buy, get a 45%-55% discount on | | | | substantial cuts from every book sold off their |
| the book, and also have the option to return. If | | | | shelves. As a general rule, carefully targeting a |
| your book sits on their shelves for too long, they | | | | specific customer pocket to directly distribute |
| will send it back down the distribution channel and | | | | your books will be more profitable than diluting |
| these copies will eventually come back to you. | | | | copies all over the book market. |
| Let's review that $20 retail price: | | | | This is something I especially like to discuss with |
| Printer was paid up front $2.00 per unit. | | | | new publishers, and invite you to contact Sea Hill |
| Book store takes $10.00 per unit. | | | | Press if you have any questions forming your |
| Distributor takes $2.00 per unit. | | | | unique book publishing and distribution plan. |