How to Write Convincing Fiction - Show, Don't Tell

Is the main character of your story a sweet,customer service. With the "showing" example,
caring person? Was the divorce all her husband'syou can make up your own mind.
fault? Was she right to set fire to his car?5. "Showing" lets you do multiple things at once.
Let your readers make up their own minds,You can show the reader that the waitress is
based on the evidence.rude at the same time that you deliver a
Think of a courtroom. The defendant insists he issandwich to your character and bring some other
innocent of killing his business partner. However,customers into the scene.
certain suspicious details come out in the trial. For"But if the waitress was rude, can't I just say she
instance, he wrote a threatening note to hiswas rude?"
partner the day before the crime, he wasOf course you can. And there are some situations
identified running away from the crime scene withwhere you should.
a bloody axe in his hand, and the police laterHere are some reasons for "telling" instead of
found this axe hidden under his bed. What are"showing."
you going to believe?- If the scene is unimportant to your story.
Seeing is believing, as the saying goes. So is- If you're just trying to give some background
hearing, smelling, touching, tasting. People trustinformation to the reader.
physical evidence more than they trust a- If "showing" will bore the reader. You might tell
stranger's word for anything.me that your character's annoying uncle repeated
But what does this have to do with fictionthe same sermon about thankfulness a million
writing?times during Thanksgiving dinner. But don't make
Don't TELL the reader that your character is aME listen to the sermon over and over again.
sweet person. SHOW her caring tenderly for herHere's an exercise for you to practice "showing"
sick father. Don't TELL the reader that yourinstead of "telling." Replace the following "telling"
character's husband is a lying cheat. SHOW howsentences with "showing" ones.
he phones his wife from his mistress's bed andExample -
tells her some story about how he'll be home lateTelling: Joan is a terribly messy person.
because he's visiting her sick father in the hospital.Showing: "Cool, there's my sandwich!" Joan
The impact on the reader will be a lot moreexclaimed triumphantly, noticing yesterday's
powerful.meatball sub protruding from the heap of dirty
What do I mean by "tell" and "show" in thelaundry on the back seat of her car.
context of a story?Now you try it.
Here's an example of "telling":Telling: Mary was a neat freak.
- The waitress was very rude.Showing: ______________________
And here's an example of "showing."Telling: It was a cold morning.
- "Here's your stupid sandwich already," theShowing: ______________________
waitress muttered, slamming the plate down onTelling: Steven was very nervous about his job
the table so hard that the couple next to usinterview.
turned around to stare.Showing: ______________________
Here's another example of "telling."Now here are a couple of story ideas that you
- It was a hot day.can use to write fiction that convinces the reader
And here's showing:by "showing" instead of "telling."
- Her blouse stuck to the small of her back and- Two old friends get together for dinner after a
sweat rolled down her thighs as she trudged uplong time apart. One of them is secretly in love
the parched lawn to the house, where a collie laywith the other one. Show this, don't tell it.
panting in the thin shadow offered by the porch- Your character brings her new boyfriend home
swing.to meet her parents. This new boyfriend is bad
You might notice some benefits to showingnews. Her parent see that the guy is a jerk, but
versus telling:they don't want to tell their daughter what they
1. "Showing" is more interesting to read.really think. Show the scene. But... do NOT tell the
2. "Showing" creates a more vivid mental image.reader explicitly that the boyfriend is a jerk. Do
3. "Showing" provides more information.NOT tell the reader outright what the parents
4. "Showing" is convincing. If I just tell you thatthink. Do NOT have the parents discuss the
the waitress was rude, you might wonder if shematter directly with their daughter. Instead, make
was really as bad as I say. For all you know, Ithe reader see and feel it all. And, eventually,
might just have unrealistically high standards ofmake the daughter realize the truth as well.