Plotting Your Novel

"By failing to plan, you are planning to fail."creating conflict.
Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)This could be a conflict between the characters
A good story is made up of a logical beginning, ayou have already introduced, or it could be an
bumpy middle and a satisfying end. But a goodinner conflict within the thought processes of your
plot is made up of more than just these threeprotagonist. Perhaps your plot involves an
basics.adversary or an obstacle for your hero to
Plotting an entire novel is a complex task, bestovercome.
summed up by saying it is the author's way ofWhatever type of conflict you choose to insert
showing the reader the events as they areinto your story, it must be clearly drawn so that
unfolding. A successful plot depends largely onthe reader is left in no doubt as to the difficulty
how the author chooses to display those eventsfacing your hero. Reversals are a relatively simple
as they unfold.way to introduce conflict and tension to a plot line.
A carefully crafted plot-line, interwoven withIntroduce a reversal of events, which stops your
clever characterizations, tightly written dialogueprotagonist from reaching her goal. Your heroine
and enough action to hold a reader's attention arewill be surprised by the change in events, and
only some of the factors which determineforced to act upon the new situation at hand.
whether a book is a memorable journey, orJust as you bring this first conflict to a satisfying
merely a story moving through the motions fromresolution, step up the tension another notch, and
start to finish.introduce another, more demanding obstacle to
Let's look at some of the ingredients you will needimpede your hero.
to include into a successful plot-line.The obstacles you insert should become
The Hookincreasingly more difficult, building toward one
Beginning a long story, such as a novel-lengthmajor climactic scene.
work, with a detailed description of theSub-Plots
surroundings, the setting and the people who willAs in real life, no person ever lives their life
be involved in the rest of the story is no fun forfocused on one solitary event. The same should
a reader. The author has offered his reader nobe true for your characters.
real temptation to continue turning pages to findYour hero will not be single-mindedly consumed by
out what happens next.the obstacle you have placed in his path. He will
You must lure the reader into wanting to continuestill have family, friends, a job, romantic
deeper into your fictional world by introducinginvolvements, responsibilities, a social life, and
some form of action at the outset. This will throwmany other things, although none of these outside
your audience into the thick of things, and temptthings should over-shadow the main point of your
them to keep turning pages to find out whatstory. They are simply the mundane trivialities of
happens next. All the creatively-crafted descriptionlife that will make your story more believable,
in the world won't hold a reader's interest as wellbecause your hero will still have to face these, no
as a strong opening action scene.matter what other horrors he might be facing.
Action, in this instance, does not specifically meanBut be warned. A sub-plot is not a good excuse
a wild car chase, or a shoot-out. But it shouldto add a lengthy romantic interlude (unless, of
involve some aspect of conflict, difficulty orcourse, you are writing romance!). Nor is it a place
obstacle which will entice a reader into wanting toto 'pad' your novel to increase the word count.
find out how your character got himself into thatClimax
predicament in the first place.This is often the hardest part of a novel-length
Characterswork to plan for, and even harder to write. You
The best stories are usually about interesting,may know in your mind that the hero beats the
likable people facing extraordinary situations.bad guy, the girl gets her man, and they live
Heroes are never perfect. In fact, it is usuallyhappily ever after, but what about the details
because of his or her flaws that a hero becomesbehind your characters getting all these things?
more endearing.Have you created a believable build-up to this final
Work on displaying your protagonist's strengthspay-off? Having a great showdown scene without
and weaknesses through his actions and dialogue.explaining why it is a necessary step for your
Showing your reader how a character reacts to acharacters to take can make your reader feel
situation tells more about that person than acheated, and make your story seem contrived.
lengthy, boring chunk of narrative can. Similarly,Are there any reasons why this conflict couldn't
how your hero reacts to the characters aroundbe resolved another way? If there is any other
him can highlight much about his personality.possible outcome, you can be sure that your
Villains should be no exception to this rule. Allowingaudience will think of it, and wonder why you
your protagonist to defeat the 'bad guy' justdidn't. Set up your obstacles so that the only
because he is a bad guy will make your villainpossible remaining outcome is the big final climactic
appear weak and one-dimensional. Creating ashowdown you have planned. Your readers will
worthy opponent capable of defeating your hero,probably see it coming, but at least they won't
complete with intelligence, skill and charm, willfeel cheated.
make your story more engaging because of itsDenouement
realism.A 'denouement' is the 'wrapping up' of all the little
It will also force your audience to care moreloose ends of your story.
about what happens to your hero, especially whenIt is almost like the epilogue in a film, or the "They
you make it clear that your hero could possibly belived happily ever after" portion of a story.
beaten by this worthy opponent.After such an intense climactic scene, it is often
Introducing strong leading characters during yournecessary to include a wrap-up. This has the dual
'hook' will involve your reader with their situationeffect of tying up all of the sub-plots to a
immediately, but it is ultimately the characterssatisfying conclusion, and also showing your
themselves, and how they handle theiraudience that life after the big showdown is still
predicament, that will remain fixed in the memorycontinuing, although with some very apparent
of a reader long after the book has been finished.changes.
ConflictRemembering to include all of these things into a
Once you have your reader firmly hooked, andnovel can seem daunting, but if you spend a little
you have him caring about what happens to yourtime in the planning stage, your story will benefit
characters, you must step up the tension byfrom it in the end.