| p>We all love well-told stories. We love the | | | | person would have been comfortable with. As to |
| entertainment, the sound effects, the punchy plot | | | | clothing, you might write that you wish to give a |
| built around solid characterization. As we share | | | | sense of the total person and are sharing |
| stories in our everyday conversations, we | | | | information about the character and inserting this |
| inevitably use fiction techniques to keep our | | | | information in such a way as to be unobtrusive, |
| listeners' attention and interest. When we say | | | | but the reader should not infer that all the pairings |
| "And then she said...," we are using dialogue - | | | | of clothing and times are factual. |
| that's a fiction technique. | | | | 2) Use indirect dialogue. Indirect dialogue is speech |
| In our memoir writing, we will often veer toward | | | | that is introduced by "that" whether used or |
| the same techniques fiction writers use. In fact, | | | | implied. "My grandmother said [that] she would not |
| we don't seem to need urging at all to adapt our | | | | leave her house" is an example of indirect |
| stories to make them more compelling or to | | | | dialogue. ("My grandmother said, 'I will not leave |
| ensure that they drive our point home. We do | | | | my house'" is direct dialogue.) |
| this spontaneously. | | | | Indirect dialogue is often used when you don't |
| Many life writers ask, "But, am I twisting things | | | | have exact quotes, when you are reluctant to |
| when I use fiction techniques? Is it really okay?" | | | | attribute specific words to an individual, or when |
| > Should a writer invent dialogue between his | | | | you want to soften the impact of a piece of |
| characters? He does not, after all, have a tape | | | | dialogue. |
| recording of the conversations of the people he is | | | | With indirect dialogue, you will sacrifice immediacy |
| writing about. | | | | and impact. Because of this, indirect dialogue is |
| > Can the writer ascribe articles of clothing to an | | | | often less attractive to writers than direct |
| individual? He can't really be sure that that | | | | dialogue. But it is a useful tool when you don't |
| individual wore that article on a particular day. | | | | want to, or can't honestly, place specific words |
| > How does a writer share with his reader the | | | | directly in someone's "mouth." Indirect dialogue |
| thoughts that he suspects an individual might have | | | | permits the writer to manipulate the presentation |
| had? After all, he was not in that person's head! | | | | of a story. |
| Different individuals come to different solutions to | | | | 3) Never use dialogue or make any reference to |
| the problems posed in these questions. Here are | | | | action or setting that is not authenticated. This |
| three possibilities available to life writers who feel | | | | choice can be very limiting in terms of storytelling. |
| a conflict in ascribing dialogue or other details to | | | | In this instance, your characters never actually |
| their stories. | | | | say anything in their own voices. They never |
| 1) Write an introduction or preface to your life | | | | appear on the page with particular pieces of |
| story. In this piece, mention that you are using | | | | clothing. They probably don't ever look out of |
| fiction techniques when you ascribe specific | | | | windows or eat a meal--all fiction-based details |
| conversations and reactions to an individual. You | | | | that will make your characters come alive. |
| attest that each of these elements are, to the | | | | Without fiction techniques, your story will have a |
| best of your knowledge, typical of what the | | | | certain flatness rather than the you-are-there |
| character might have said or worn or done. You | | | | immediacy of storytelling at its best. But, if your |
| might write that the tone and choice of words | | | | choice is to eschew fiction techniques altogether, |
| ascribed to a person is in keeping with how the | | | | you will have told your story in the way you |
| person might have spoken and in a tone the | | | | want to tell it, with utmost truth. |